Hydrocarbon oil of good nonsmoke rating



at be exhausted, but even at present with this sidual oil then betreated with about lbs. 60

2 derived from acracking operation would be howing-for th Navy pcifioatlon boiling rated from the oils'containing them. Ordig V, 7Boiling range Gravity 75 narily this separation is accomplished for Y ja I example by chilling the oil or paraffin distil- 7 From Pennsylvaniaoi1 1402-4372 62.0: B. late, filter-pressing to segregate the paraliin53,;lfiyigiggg ggg g and then maintaining the paraffin at a temamineperature short of its melting point but high i 80 i resorted to ifdesired. In my experience a pl f di ti i rangeof 3500-19.) 85

' Riten'ted June 9, 1931 I V i CLARENCE I. ROBINSON, 0F \VEST NEWBRIGHTON, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TU STANDARD 01L DEVELOJPIEENT COMPANY, ACOBPURATION 6F DELAW'ARE HYDROGARBON OIL OE G091) NONSMOKE RAT ING 1\ToDrawing. Application filed November 10, 1922. Serial No. 599,567.

My invention relates to the art of making products may be finished up inany desired hydrocarbon products, and will befully unway,advantageouslyfor example, the distilderstood from the followingdescription. lateis first treated with 66 Be. sulfuric For a long timeilluminating oil prepared acid, about 5 lbs. to the barrel ofdistillate, from Pennsylvania petroleum has stood as and is thendistilled to remove the naphtha the superlative quality obtainable,being far and the distillation is continued with fire superior to oilsavailable from other petroand steam until the refined oil is off, or ifleums. However not only is it merely a desired the initial product maybe first question of time when oil of this grade will steam-stilled toremove'naphtha and the reoil, it isnot possible to attain some particuofacid per barrel and then be redistilled lar results which have beendesired in cerwith fire and steam for finished refined Oil. tain specialsignal usages. -After the acid in either case a further. treatlnproceeding in accordance with myinment with caustic soda solution, withor vention, one of the steps involved 'is a crackwithout a final clayfiltration, may be aping or pyrolytic decomposition of the startplied. II

ing material employed, and the final results The naptha obtained is aexcellent gasofor the process are thus all the more surprisline and ischaracterized by an exceptionally ing as it would be expected that aproduct high Baum gravity (low specific gravity),

g in e nonsmoking Properties q range between 140 F. initial and 437 F;site in an illuminating oil. final, a gravity of ;6466 B. as contrastedAS starting material I employ. the par with the following recogniz'edgasolinesi affins which are normallysolid when sep'aa i I 3 enough topermit contained oil to ooze or The refined oilobtainedis a'verysupesweat out. The paraffin may however be rior burning oil havingiaremarkably high obtained in any other way desired. Com- Baum gravity forthe distillation range, plete purification is not necessary but may behi h may b b t 300475 F crude scale waxfrom mixed base crude pe-, 5 0Q'11 i may h v r it f v 50 ti'oleum m at around 98% Crystal B. It has aphenomenally high rating on i pzfraflini hlghly advantageous tthenon-smoke-tendency test viz-.-a' ratin 7 rhe Paralfin Sohd or meltedState or 125m 185 Theme; here referredto Z Y 40 as most-convement isichargedrmtorva. Still based upon Pennsylvania keros ne as a andbisected to ic-mckmg or pyrolytlc destandard a testin lam 'havin a'flatwick composition'at suitable temperatures, for d p example 675 to 750 F.being a good prac: 7 no i lmney .Q U f f W being turned as high aspossible ust short tical range, and pressure may or may not be a cemployed, but if used would in general prefof m n e Power r 9 the erablynot exceed 60 lbs. per square inch, as ph i g. h1? q l P we readlng onwith increase of, pressure and higher tem- Y f f lh -{as ,0 peraturesthe yield runs more to light ends. the readings on other oils are ratedproper The overhead distillate obtained is sepational thereon. .Anotherfeature ofthis rerated into naphtha and refinedoil; and the, fined oilis the low sulfur content, this not exceeding. 0.025 and generallyrunning as low as 0.012. a Comparative typical showing with variousrecognized kerosenes is as follows:

- N on Acid ab- Gmvlrty sorption 23%;

Refined oil from present processm 50-54 1-10% 175485 Pennsylvaniakerosene 4649 3% 100 Mid-Continent kerosene 42-45 7% 40- 60Pressure-Still kerosene 40-43 12% 25 35 A sample of a refined oil madeby the present process showed the following complete inspection GravityColor 7 Sulfur i gii ge 51.6 Be. 21 370 .012 @0F 10% 185 DistillationInitial 370 F.

15.25% Off at 400 F;

69.25% Off at 450 F.

92.75% off at 500 F.

99.00% off at 554 F.

The general characteristics of the refined oil are a lower specificgravity for any given boiling point, and a higher viscosity and a highernon-smoke rating than that of products of the same boiling point frompetroleum.

Inspections made on samples from various runs with and without pressureshow the practical characteristics of the product as gravity 49.555 B.viscosity 330 to 460 at 60 F., on the Saybolt thermo-viscometer,

sulfur not in excess of 0.025, acid absorption (using 66 B. sulfuricacid) 41-10% and non-smoke rating 125-185. 1

Not onlyis a high candle-power for a petroleum product realized withthis oil as indicated above under the non-smoke tenddency test, ityielding to 85% more candle power than Pennsylvania kerosene on a givenvwick without smoking, but the oil burns without formation ofwick-crusts. In consequence it makes possible the operation of specialsignal lamps or other lamps burning for three or four weeks or morreferred to certain specific details, it will be understood that this isby way of illustration and explanation and is not limitative. Theinvention is to be regarded as limited only as defined in the followingclaims, in which it is my intention to claim all inherent novelty asbroadly as the prior art permits.

What I claim is:

1. A hydrocarbon product characterized by a distillation range between350 and 560 F, a gravity of 50 to 54 B., a viscosity between 330 and 460at 60 F. on the Saybolt thermo-viscometer, and an acid absorption of410% and a non-smoke rating of'175185.

2. A hydrocarbon product having a distillation range between 300 and 575 F., a gravity of t9.555 B. and a non-smoke rating in excess of 125.

3. .A hydrocarbon product having adistillation range between 300 and 575F., and a non-smoke rating in excess of 125.

CLARENCE I. ROBINSON.

